How To Use Resistors To Reduce Voltage
One of the most common uses for resistors is to limit the current flowing through an electronic component. A few hundred milliamps is enough to destroy the led.

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A few milliamps of current is enough to make an led glow.

How to use resistors to reduce voltage. Electronics all in one for dummies. Some components such as light emitting diodes are very sensitive to current. Measure the output voltage on r2.
Multiply that by the voltage supplied by the source. In this usage of ohms law v would be the voltage reduction by certain sizes of resistors that have a fixed current flow. That represents the voltage reduction due to the added resistance.
The output should be approximately 4 volts. Place the multimeter on a dc voltage setting. To divide voltage in half all you must do is place any 2 resistors of equal value in series and then place a jumper wire in between the resistors.
That leaves 14 93 or 47 volts to drive the motor. I is equal to the current that flows in the circuit and r is the resistance of the electrical circuit. Calculate the amount of voltage drop or reduction in an electrical circuit.
For example suppose your circuit is powered by a 9 v battery but your circuit really only needs 45 v. With the 40 ohm resistor and the 20 ohm motor connected to a 14 volt source the voltage drop across the resistor is 14 067 which equals 93 volts. You could use a pair of resistors of equal value across the battery leads to provide the necessary 45 v.
Alternatively measure the output between the two resistors by attaching a wire and placing one probe on it and the other on a wire at ground. To reduce voltage in half we simply form a voltage divider circuit between 2 resistors of equal value for example 2 10kw resistors. When the two resistors in the voltage divider are of the same value the voltage is cut in half.

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